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Welcome back in this lecture we're going to talk about form fields pretty much every possible H.T. male

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form field has a corresponding W.T. forms class that you can then import.

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And these are fields like selecting a date time on your HTL form or just inputting text and W.T. forms

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also has validators that you can easily insert and validators can perform checks on the form data such

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as requiring a field to be filled or checking to see if a password meets certain requirements.

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So we're also going to talk about how to use flasks session object to grab the information provided

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in the form and pass it to another template.

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Keep in mind later on we're going to show you how to save this information.

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Once we understand databases with flask.

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So right now all we know how to do is grab the information that he provides in the form and then display

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it back in another template in the next section of the course.

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We'll show you how we can actually then save that information or check it against a database.

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But right now we're just going to show you how you can grab that information temporarily and show it

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in a template.

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OK let's get started by heading over to our text editor.

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All right.

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Here we are with our text editor right now.

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I just have basic pie.

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It's an empty Python script and I have an index that it's Tim L and a thank you that is T.M. pretty

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much our index home page is going to have a form with various fields.

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The user fills them out and then we think them a report back.

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The information on the thank you page.

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Let's get started by filling out this python form.

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I'm going to collapse that sidebar to give us a little more room.

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I will start from scratch.

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So I'll say from flask import and then we'll ask for a flask render template.

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We're going to also ask for a couple of new things we haven't seen before such as session.

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Redirect.

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And then also your L4 we've seen your L4 in the template side but there's also a corresponding function

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on the python script side.

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So we're going to be exploring both session redirects and you are a for in this lecture lots of cool

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fun stuff to learn.

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Then we'll say from flask underscore WDF import flask form and then from W.T. forms.

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I'm going to import that bunch of fields.

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So we're going to import a string field a Boolean field a date time field.

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So there's dates and date time field and then we also say let's say a radio field so just to show you

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the gamut of all the options here.

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And then we'll do a select field we'll do a text field and let's do a text area field.

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And then finally we need a submit field.

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OK.

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So just a quick note when you have a bunch of imports like this and you don't want them all in one line.

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Well you can do is you can wrap them with parentheses and that we can do the imports over multiple lines.

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So the sort of syntax is really common when you're running out of space.

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So there we go.

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Now we don't get an error with a multi-line import.

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OK so we have our imports from the various fields.

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The last thing I want to do is show you a simple validator we can say from W.T. forms validators import

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and there's various validators you can do one of the simplest ones is data required.

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Notice there's other things like email so you can check if a actual email was passed in for an e-mail

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input.

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For example check things like it has an at symbol there and it ends with dot com or dot org and all

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those sorts of things will keep revalidation simple for now.

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Just data required.

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It basically says hey we need you to fill this out in the form before we can hit submit.

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So I'll say that we have our imports ready to go.

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So let's create our application will say flask and then we're going to passen name and we're going to

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configure our secret key.

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So we do this by saying app that config and then we Passons secrets underscore key in all caps.

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And then you set this to any string you want.

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So I'll say my secret key or my key does really matter for our local purposes right now.

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We have our application ready to go.

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So we're going to now create a form class recall that usually for larger applications we have a separate

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forms up-I file for this but we're keeping everything from just one simple pie file and we're going

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to create again in info form and we inherit from flask form and then we're going to have a bunch of

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attributes here.

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So the attributes we're going to use.

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Let's have a breed so kind of make this puppy thing again.

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Springfield we'll ask what breed are you.

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So remember that's the label for that string field.

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And I can also pasan a parameter for validators.

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So by default the validators are none.

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Boy you can do is send pass any list of validators that you imported from W.T. forms validators and

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I've imported data required so that basically says you need to fill out this actual form here.

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Or at least this part of the form in order to submit it.

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So what we do is validators is a list of validator objects.

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So I say data required.

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And then I have open close princes.

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So actually create an instance of the state a required object to pass into validators and then through

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the magic of W.T. forms it will end up requiring the person to provide data there for the Breede input.

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All right so we have a breed.

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Let's go ahead and create an object for neutered souls.

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Check if the puppy has been neutered so I'll say Boolean field have human neutered for it's puppy you've

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been neutered it's kind of up to you ask this question.

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There we go.

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And then let's continue on with mood Sofer mood.

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Let's have this be a radio field selection.

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So the way radio fields work it's a bunch of radio buttons and they will say please choose your mood.

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Remember for radio buttons.

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You can only pick one.

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So as you pick one all the others get de-selected So what you do here is you pasand choices and choices

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is going to be a list of tuple pairs and tuple pairs essentially give a value and a label.

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So it starts off with a value.

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So we'll call this mood underscore one.

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And I'm going to zoom out a little bit and start choices on a new line here so you can get an idea just

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for better reference.

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So again we have a radio field choices.

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It's going to be a list of tuples pairs.

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And the first value or the first string is your value and then the second one is the actual label that

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a person is going to see on that radio button.

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So we can say happy and then let's add one more we'll say mood to

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and we'll have that be excited.

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So puppies are either happy or excited and then we'll do another attribute here.

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And this attribute is going to be called let's see.

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Let's have it be food choice.

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And for this we'll say select field and here we're going to ask to pick your favorite food and something

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that may happen depending on what OS you're using.

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Sometimes this needs to be a unicode string.

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So what you can do is put a you right in front of the string to make sure you don't get any errors.

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That doesn't happen on every OS.

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Just keep in mind I'm going to put it here just to make sure you don't get any errors.

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Often you can just provide the string and you'll have no errors but will put in Unicode here for select

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field just to make sure it works for us.

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And then the select field it's going to be really similar to radio field.

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As far as the choices parameter so you have these choices parameter and it's going to be again a list

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of tuple pairs where the first item in this tuple pair is the value code that you're going to be using

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throughout your Flast group.

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And the second one is what the actual user Seasonale Web site.

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So something like chicken is what the user sees.

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And on the back end we just call it CHC for short.

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And then we can have something like B.F. and we'll have that be related to the beef option that the

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user sees and create some more options here on our list.

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We can say something like fish as a value and have that label fish and it's good provide one more we

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have chicken B fish actually should be enough.

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So let's put this in the mixture.

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We have that on the list.

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There we go.

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So we have our list of choices as duple pears.

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And now we're ready to go.

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Let's just have one more option here.

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And the last one is going to be as far as the attribute.

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To make sure we get it lined up correctly.

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There we go the attributes going to be feedback and we'll just have this be a text area a field which

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essentially just a large box where someone can write whatever they want.

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And they'll have a submit button so I'll say submit field.

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I'll say just submit.

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All right.

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So this is our form.

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As you can see this form is quite complicated given what we've done in the past which is why usually

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you're going to have a separate forms that file where you'll set up your info form and then your application

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you'll just say from forms import info form.

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But right now we set up the form in the same application that profile we have this if a form has an

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option for providing your Breede notice that's going to be required.

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So a user has to provide that before hitting submit.

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It will have a Boolean field which is up to you to choose one or the other.

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And then we have radio field select field text area of field and then a submit button.

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So we set up our form.

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Now it's time to actually set up our index page with the form.

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So the next step here is to set up our index page will see the routes or go to the home page by saying

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just forward slash and then the methods.

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Just like last time it's going to be a list with get and post

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and then we'll say the index and we'll start setting up our index function.

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Let's add some new lines here.

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Remember you can always copy and paste from the provided notes KCA any syntax errors.

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But we're going to create an instance of our form object we'll just call it form and it's going to be

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an instance of our info form and then we'll say if form dot valid day on submit.

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So once they hit the submit button essentially we're going to do is going to grab data from the Breede

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on the form.

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Now the way we can do this in order to pass in all this data into another template automatically We're

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going to be using if we scroll back up here the session object we imported from flask.

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And unlike a cookie basically session data is stored on the server and a session is just a time interval

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from when a client is logging in or connecting to that server and then logs out of it.

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So it's not going to be permanently saved.

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It's just a particular obsession for the user who filled out that form and then went to another page.

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So the data which is actually needed to be held across the session is essentially stored in a temporary

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directory on the server.

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So this is not a way to permanently store something.

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It's just a way to hold information for a particular session for a user.

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And we actually have even talked about official user authentication or registration yet.

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So think of this kind of a very basic way to report back information that the user provides in a form

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later on we're going to learn how to save it and how to actually attribute it to a specific user that's

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logged then the start of the basics here.

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So we're going to do when we say form validate or submit.

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I'm going to grab that session object and you can essentially treat it as a dictionary.

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So we're going to create a new key in the session dictionary called breed and we're going to set that

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equal to form read data.

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Remember that the general syntax is to say your form the created appear form is to perform grab whatever

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attribute you're interested in number all these attributes are essentially as fields and then you say

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data and that grabs what the user provided for that actual field and keep in mind your data for things

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like radio field and select field.

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That's going to report back your internal value.

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It's not going to report back what the user saw.

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So often you may want to keep these the same.

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That way there's no confusion.

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But maybe if you have a really complex choice that the user is going to see it might be easier to give

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it a shorter value maybe chicken is just too large to store around.

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So you want to say CHC again this is starting to get to personal preference as far as how you like to

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combine your value label pairs here.

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So just something to keep in mind and we'll see this in more detail in just a little bit.

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I'm going to say session.

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And then let's add an neutered and we'll say form neutered data.

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So it's going to be a boolean value whether or not they're neutered.

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Let's see we also have mood of the dog or the puppy.

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It's going to be form mood data.

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And they'll keep adding more stuff to this.

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We also have their food choice.

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So I'm going to call it food for the key we'll say form through choice.

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Grab the data on their food choice and then I believe they also have feedback that they can get back

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I will say the feedback he is equal to form the feedback that data.

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All right.

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So once that's all done what I'm going to do is I'm going to return and this is where we're going to

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use the redirect and your all for though we just imported so appear at the top.

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Remember I imported redirect and your all for this is really useful when you want to just automatically

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have a form redirect upon submission instead of messing around the DML code to make sure that works.

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You can actually use redirect and you are all four from your Python script.

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So that's a little nicer that way.

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Your template files are as simple as possible and you really leverage the power of Python over here

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in flask.

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So we're going to do is say return redirect and essentially linked up with that action on submitting

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and HTL form.

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And then we say your L4 and then we passen a string of whatever the function's going to be called for

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the other view and I'll say thank you.

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And then I haven't actually created this view function yet but I will in just a little bit.

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So notice here the actual indentation of this is going to zoom out so we can see this indentation clearly.

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I'm saying the F index for info for.

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And then if the form is valid on submission I grab all the data and add it to that users session and

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then I return a redirect for the thank you all what I'm going to do for the overall return of this function

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is say render template and then pasan index.

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H T M L and then say form is equal to form.

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All right.

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So why do I have a redirect return.

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And the rendered template turn.

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Well that's because when I have my index page the very first thing they should see is the form.

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So I want to render my index outdates HTML page and pass in that form.

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It's only upon submission of the form where I want to grab the data and then redirect them.

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Which is why I have two returns this bottom return.

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That's the original rendering of the home page and then the second redirection return only happens when

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they submit the form.

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So keep in mind here the indentation what matches up with what this redirect return that's only for

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this if statement.

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This rendered template that's for the entire function.

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So that's the first thing the user sees and then they get redirected for the thank you page only upon

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a valid submission and this validate on Submit.

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Well that's going to do is it's going to check for these validators.

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So it's going to check that it makes sure to actually provide data for the Springfield here.

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And if they did not then it's not going to be valid on submission and they're not going to be redirected.

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So that's really start to leverage the power here of these W.T. forms.

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OK.

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So I just mentioned that I have a redirect you are all for a thank you page which means I should probably

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make a thank you page.

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So we'll say routes is thank you.

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And we'll have that function here just say thank you.

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And we're going to return render template for thank you.

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T.M. save that.

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And at the very bottom of all this will say if name is equal to Main take my app and run it it will

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say de-bug is equal to true.

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Just in case we have any issues there.

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All right.

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So that's everything we need to do for actual flask application.

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In part 2 of this series of lectures we're then going to fill out the templates and match it up with

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the views that we set up here.

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So let's just do a quick review of everything we've done.

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We did our imports and we have a couple of new imports so we haven't seen before such as redirect and

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you are a 4 as well as using that session.

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We imported a bunch of different fields from W.T. forms and you can always look up in the documentation

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the various forms and fields that are available.

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And then we also are using a validator and the one we're using right now is data required.

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There's also lots of different validators you can check for in the documentation.

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Then we create our application set up a secret key in our configuration then we set up a form inside

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of this basic thought PI file of a bunch of different fields.

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One of them has that validator Roamer that a validators parameter is a list of validator objects that

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have been created so that's where we need to open close parentheses there.

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And then we have this route for index page methods equal to get posts.

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We create the form and say if the form is valid on submission then we save all this data to the session

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object the session object can be basically be treated like a dictionary and we're saving it and then

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we're going to send it back to the thank you page.

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Later on you'll see that we don't need to actually say sessions equal to session anywhere in the template

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it's just automatically through our fast flask application available to us in the template page.

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So we're going to see that in the next lecture and then we just have a redirect for you.

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Upon submission and the original render template is just the home page with this form that we have that

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think Page.

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OK.

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So in part two we're going to be filling out this index that simple and this think that Ishmail will

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see next.