1 00:00:00,503 --> 00:00:02,103 - [Instructor] Hi and welcome back to the course. 2 00:00:02,103 --> 00:00:04,021 In this video, we're going to be adding 3 00:00:04,021 --> 00:00:05,522 a bunch of things that we need in our project 4 00:00:05,522 --> 00:00:07,939 in order to run it on Heroku. 5 00:00:09,462 --> 00:00:11,787 Now, the first thing we have to add is 6 00:00:11,787 --> 00:00:15,817 a way to tell Heroku what Python version we're using. 7 00:00:15,817 --> 00:00:18,533 And indeed, that we are using Python. 8 00:00:18,533 --> 00:00:21,286 So, let's right click on our Code folder, 9 00:00:21,286 --> 00:00:24,301 and add a new file, which we have to call, 10 00:00:24,301 --> 00:00:26,884 this is important, runtime.txt. 11 00:00:27,877 --> 00:00:30,919 It's going to tell Heroku what sort of language 12 00:00:30,919 --> 00:00:33,169 and what version we're using. 13 00:00:33,169 --> 00:00:37,252 And the contents of this have to be python-3.5.2. 14 00:00:38,739 --> 00:00:40,782 Okay, that is it. 15 00:00:40,782 --> 00:00:44,115 Now, over time, this version may change. 16 00:00:46,254 --> 00:00:49,754 So, do be aware that it may go up to 3.5.3 17 00:00:51,279 --> 00:00:52,860 in the future and so on. 18 00:00:52,860 --> 00:00:55,770 I'll have a link in the lecture description 19 00:00:55,770 --> 00:00:58,966 so that you can go and see if this is still 20 00:00:58,966 --> 00:01:02,041 the latest version and you can change that if not, okay? 21 00:01:02,041 --> 00:01:04,484 So for now, it's Python 3.5.2, but that may 22 00:01:04,484 --> 00:01:06,213 change in the future. 23 00:01:06,213 --> 00:01:08,100 So, keep an eye on the link in the 24 00:01:08,100 --> 00:01:10,267 lecture description, okay? 25 00:01:11,759 --> 00:01:13,499 So, that's the runtime.txt. 26 00:01:13,499 --> 00:01:16,051 And that's everything that that should contain. 27 00:01:16,051 --> 00:01:19,224 Then we're also going to need to tell 28 00:01:19,224 --> 00:01:22,277 Heroku how to instal the libraries that we 29 00:01:22,277 --> 00:01:24,474 are using in this app. 30 00:01:24,474 --> 00:01:27,666 So remember, we're using Flask, Flask-RESTful, 31 00:01:27,666 --> 00:01:30,755 Flask-JWT, and Flask-SQLAlchemy. 32 00:01:30,755 --> 00:01:34,023 So, we have to tell Heroku that these libraries 33 00:01:34,023 --> 00:01:36,395 are in use and that it should instal them. 34 00:01:36,395 --> 00:01:40,422 Python has a standard way of telling other systems 35 00:01:40,422 --> 00:01:42,873 what libraries we're using and that's in 36 00:01:42,873 --> 00:01:45,456 a file called requirements.txt. 37 00:01:47,053 --> 00:01:48,439 Once again, the spelling is really important, 38 00:01:48,439 --> 00:01:49,856 requirements.txt. 39 00:01:51,924 --> 00:01:53,717 And in here, we'll just put the library 40 00:01:53,717 --> 00:01:55,017 names that we're using. 41 00:01:55,017 --> 00:01:57,140 So, we're using Flask with a capital F, 42 00:01:57,140 --> 00:02:00,064 Flask-RESTful, with the REST in caps, 43 00:02:00,064 --> 00:02:02,731 Flask-JWT, and Flask-SQLAlchemy. 44 00:02:04,035 --> 00:02:04,868 Okay? 45 00:02:06,517 --> 00:02:08,977 Now, I remember also mentioning in the lecture 46 00:02:08,977 --> 00:02:10,846 at the start of this section that there's 47 00:02:10,846 --> 00:02:13,224 something called UWSGI. 48 00:02:13,224 --> 00:02:17,344 UWSGI is used to interact with our Flask app 49 00:02:17,344 --> 00:02:21,777 and make it available for others to go and access it. 50 00:02:21,777 --> 00:02:25,674 Flask can do this as well but it's just not quite as good. 51 00:02:25,674 --> 00:02:29,033 UWSGI gives us things like more efficient 52 00:02:29,033 --> 00:02:32,959 multi-process support, it gives us things like 53 00:02:32,959 --> 00:02:36,502 restarting processes if they hang up and things like that. 54 00:02:36,502 --> 00:02:40,121 So, we're also going to instal that, uwsgi. 55 00:02:40,121 --> 00:02:43,365 You don't have to instal UWSGI in your computer. 56 00:02:43,365 --> 00:02:46,036 If you're using an editor such as PyCharm, 57 00:02:46,036 --> 00:02:49,265 as soon as you create this requirements.txt file 58 00:02:49,265 --> 00:02:52,052 and you save it, it will tell you whether you want to 59 00:02:52,052 --> 00:02:55,036 instal UWSGI, and in your computer, 60 00:02:55,036 --> 00:02:57,595 you don't have to instal UWSGI, okay? 61 00:02:57,595 --> 00:03:00,446 If you try, it is likely it will fail because 62 00:03:00,446 --> 00:03:03,768 you need a C Compiler to instal UWSGI. 63 00:03:03,768 --> 00:03:04,767 So, don't bother. 64 00:03:04,767 --> 00:03:05,765 Don't worry about it. 65 00:03:05,765 --> 00:03:08,000 You don't need UWSGI luckily. 66 00:03:08,000 --> 00:03:11,907 Heroku will be able to instal it and will use it, okay? 67 00:03:11,907 --> 00:03:14,999 That's it for the requirements.txt file. 68 00:03:14,999 --> 00:03:19,879 Next, we have to create another file called uwsgi.ini. 69 00:03:19,879 --> 00:03:23,346 UWSGI, make sure to spell it right. 70 00:03:23,346 --> 00:03:26,643 And what's going to go in here is some 71 00:03:26,643 --> 00:03:29,548 configuration parameters for the UWSGI process 72 00:03:29,548 --> 00:03:30,798 to run our app. 73 00:03:32,582 --> 00:03:35,264 Okay, so the first thing to do is to tag it. 74 00:03:35,264 --> 00:03:38,563 We're going to say uwsgi, that's going to be the section. 75 00:03:38,563 --> 00:03:40,268 And underneath it is going to come the 76 00:03:40,268 --> 00:03:41,907 configuration parameters. 77 00:03:41,907 --> 00:03:43,697 First thing we have to tell it is what port 78 00:03:43,697 --> 00:03:45,530 it is going to run on. 79 00:03:46,466 --> 00:03:48,328 Normally, as you remember, we're running 80 00:03:48,328 --> 00:03:51,078 our Flask apps on 127.0.0.1:5000. 81 00:03:52,696 --> 00:03:54,136 5000 there is the port. 82 00:03:54,136 --> 00:03:56,328 But Heroku has a very specific port that 83 00:03:56,328 --> 00:03:58,329 we must use, so we have to tell it 84 00:03:58,329 --> 00:04:02,496 http-socket is going to be :$(PORT), like that. 85 00:04:07,151 --> 00:04:08,411 And what that's going to do is that's going to 86 00:04:08,411 --> 00:04:11,799 read the port number from the Heroku configuration, 87 00:04:11,799 --> 00:04:14,912 so we don't have to know the port number exactly. 88 00:04:14,912 --> 00:04:18,745 Heroku is gonna tell us when we use this file. 89 00:04:20,498 --> 00:04:22,455 Next, we're going to say master is true. 90 00:04:22,455 --> 00:04:24,113 That means we're going to use a master process 91 00:04:24,113 --> 00:04:26,056 when we run UWSGI. 92 00:04:26,056 --> 00:04:28,310 That's something a bit more complicated. 93 00:04:28,310 --> 00:04:30,431 Essentially, there's going to be a process controlling 94 00:04:30,431 --> 00:04:34,956 the other processes, which are called slave processes. 95 00:04:34,956 --> 00:04:37,886 We're going to have die-on-term. 96 00:04:37,886 --> 00:04:40,489 If we put a true, that's when a process terminates, 97 00:04:40,489 --> 00:04:43,125 we're gonna kill the UWSGI process just to 98 00:04:43,125 --> 00:04:45,464 free up the resources. 99 00:04:45,464 --> 00:04:47,079 We're going to tell it the module, which is 100 00:04:47,079 --> 00:04:48,711 going to be app.app. 101 00:04:48,711 --> 00:04:50,700 Sorry, app:app. 102 00:04:50,700 --> 00:04:54,494 And this probably looks mildly familiar. 103 00:04:54,494 --> 00:04:56,296 The module that we're running is the 104 00:04:56,296 --> 00:04:58,997 Flask app that we're running. 105 00:04:58,997 --> 00:05:03,873 So that's inside app.py, and the variable is called app. 106 00:05:03,873 --> 00:05:05,557 So it's going to look at that variable 107 00:05:05,557 --> 00:05:09,724 and that's what it's gonna run as a UWSGI application. 108 00:05:11,017 --> 00:05:14,137 And finally, we can also tell it memory-report is true. 109 00:05:14,137 --> 00:05:16,176 We probably will not use this in Heroku 110 00:05:16,176 --> 00:05:19,973 but nevertheless, it might be interesting for later on. 111 00:05:19,973 --> 00:05:21,375 Okay. 112 00:05:21,375 --> 00:05:22,859 So this is everything we tell it. 113 00:05:22,859 --> 00:05:24,402 The socket that we want to run on. 114 00:05:24,402 --> 00:05:26,377 We say that master is true so it has that 115 00:05:26,377 --> 00:05:28,041 sort of master process. 116 00:05:28,041 --> 00:05:30,251 We kill it when the process terminates. 117 00:05:30,251 --> 00:05:32,163 And then we tell it the module, which is gonna be 118 00:05:32,163 --> 00:05:35,423 the app.py file, and the app variable. 119 00:05:35,423 --> 00:05:37,449 And we're going to also initial as the 120 00:05:37,449 --> 00:05:39,452 memory report as well. 121 00:05:39,452 --> 00:05:43,332 Okay, and the last thing that we need is a Procfile. 122 00:05:43,332 --> 00:05:46,757 So, that's just Procfile with a capital P. 123 00:05:46,757 --> 00:05:48,421 And what we're going to put here is what 124 00:05:48,421 --> 00:05:51,685 dyno we want to use in Heroku. 125 00:05:51,685 --> 00:05:54,265 Remember, a dyno is the server. 126 00:05:54,265 --> 00:05:56,192 But dyno's have specific types. 127 00:05:56,192 --> 00:05:59,942 This dyno is going to connect to a HTTP port, 128 00:06:00,940 --> 00:06:04,327 for example, our app runs in port 5000. 129 00:06:04,327 --> 00:06:06,168 This dyno here is also going to be listening 130 00:06:06,168 --> 00:06:09,571 on that port to receive incoming requests. 131 00:06:09,571 --> 00:06:13,297 So, it's important that it is a dyno of type web. 132 00:06:13,297 --> 00:06:16,759 So we type web: and then we're going to tell it 133 00:06:16,759 --> 00:06:19,889 what process it's going to run, 134 00:06:19,889 --> 00:06:21,502 what application it's going to run. 135 00:06:21,502 --> 00:06:25,616 So here we could do something like python3.5 app.py. 136 00:06:25,616 --> 00:06:28,655 For example, and that would presumably 137 00:06:28,655 --> 00:06:32,467 use the python3.5 process to run app.py. 138 00:06:32,467 --> 00:06:34,464 But we're not going to do that because 139 00:06:34,464 --> 00:06:36,699 we're using UWSGI. 140 00:06:36,699 --> 00:06:40,536 So, all that we have to do is say uwsgi, 141 00:06:40,536 --> 00:06:41,369 uwsgi.ini. 142 00:06:42,295 --> 00:06:44,563 And what that's going to do is what you would expect. 143 00:06:44,563 --> 00:06:47,943 Run the UWSGI process with this file, 144 00:06:47,943 --> 00:06:50,919 which is the configuration file that we've created. 145 00:06:50,919 --> 00:06:54,166 And that is then going to load up the Python app 146 00:06:54,166 --> 00:06:55,249 and run that. 147 00:06:56,633 --> 00:06:58,729 So, when we run the UWSGI process, 148 00:06:58,729 --> 00:07:01,616 that is going to listen in to this module, 149 00:07:01,616 --> 00:07:03,118 it's going to run that, and that's going to 150 00:07:03,118 --> 00:07:05,451 start our Flask application. 151 00:07:06,736 --> 00:07:09,449 Okay, so hopefully all of that makes sense. 152 00:07:09,449 --> 00:07:12,699 That's what we need for our deployment. 153 00:07:13,774 --> 00:07:16,978 So now, let's go back to Chrome here. 154 00:07:16,978 --> 00:07:19,921 Well actually, we'll have to go back to the terminal, 155 00:07:19,921 --> 00:07:21,440 apologies, and make sure to 156 00:07:21,440 --> 00:07:23,273 commit, so git status. 157 00:07:25,339 --> 00:07:27,558 Look at that, git commit. 158 00:07:27,558 --> 00:07:28,975 Sorry, git add *. 159 00:07:31,491 --> 00:07:34,134 And now, these are all new files, so we're going to 160 00:07:34,134 --> 00:07:35,467 git commit them. 161 00:07:36,430 --> 00:07:40,597 Adding Heroku required files for running, for example. 162 00:07:42,951 --> 00:07:45,457 And then we're gonna git push. 163 00:07:45,457 --> 00:07:47,334 And now that we've set up the master branch 164 00:07:47,334 --> 00:07:49,302 to track the remote branch, we no longer 165 00:07:49,302 --> 00:07:52,164 need to do that -umaster. 166 00:07:52,164 --> 00:07:54,905 Okay, so that commit has now appeared 167 00:07:54,905 --> 00:07:56,611 in our remote repository. 168 00:07:56,611 --> 00:07:58,466 We can reload this to have a wee look. 169 00:07:58,466 --> 00:08:02,044 And you can see that the Procfile, requirements, 170 00:08:02,044 --> 00:08:06,768 runtime and uwsgi.ini have appeared, which is good. 171 00:08:06,768 --> 00:08:10,441 And then we can go back to Heroku here, 172 00:08:10,441 --> 00:08:14,306 and we have to do something very specific. 173 00:08:14,306 --> 00:08:16,806 We have to go to the Settings. 174 00:08:18,530 --> 00:08:21,990 And in the Buildpacks section here, 175 00:08:21,990 --> 00:08:24,327 the Buildpacks section, make sure to tell Heroku 176 00:08:24,327 --> 00:08:26,015 that we're using Python. 177 00:08:26,015 --> 00:08:27,228 So all we have to do is we have to say 178 00:08:27,228 --> 00:08:29,666 Add Buildpack, and then select Python there 179 00:08:29,666 --> 00:08:31,425 and save the changes. 180 00:08:31,425 --> 00:08:33,036 Okay, now that's added. 181 00:08:33,036 --> 00:08:36,119 Heroku is now going to use its Python 182 00:08:37,022 --> 00:08:41,704 stuff to run our code, so we can go to Deploy once again. 183 00:08:41,704 --> 00:08:42,704 And we're going to go down here and 184 00:08:42,704 --> 00:08:44,625 deploy a master branch, okay? 185 00:08:44,625 --> 00:08:47,352 Let's see if everything wants to work. 186 00:08:47,352 --> 00:08:49,718 And as you can see, it tells you the Python app 187 00:08:49,718 --> 00:08:51,952 via our Procfile. 188 00:08:51,952 --> 00:08:54,477 It is now installing Python 3.5.2, which is 189 00:08:54,477 --> 00:08:56,307 what we told it to. 190 00:08:56,307 --> 00:08:57,878 And then it's, as you can see up here, 191 00:08:57,878 --> 00:09:01,460 installing the requirements.txt file. 192 00:09:01,460 --> 00:09:02,603 So it's going to instal all of the libraries 193 00:09:02,603 --> 00:09:04,964 from the requirements.txt, and that includes 194 00:09:04,964 --> 00:09:06,714 Flask, Flask-RESTful, 195 00:09:09,086 --> 00:09:11,748 apologies, Flask-JWT, and FlaskSQLAlchemy, 196 00:09:11,748 --> 00:09:12,998 and also UWSGI. 197 00:09:14,182 --> 00:09:16,129 The other level is there are Flask dependencies, 198 00:09:16,129 --> 00:09:18,879 such as Ginger, Click, and so on. 199 00:09:20,413 --> 00:09:22,881 Okay, and then it starts installing them, 200 00:09:22,881 --> 00:09:26,500 and it's installing everything down there. 201 00:09:26,500 --> 00:09:28,261 It's now installing UWSGI, which is the one 202 00:09:28,261 --> 00:09:30,178 that takes the longest. 203 00:09:33,550 --> 00:09:35,871 And once it is done, we're gonna have our own server 204 00:09:35,871 --> 00:09:37,788 running our Python app. 205 00:09:39,317 --> 00:09:40,765 So, let's have a look. 206 00:09:40,765 --> 00:09:42,382 See if we manage. 207 00:09:42,382 --> 00:09:46,330 It's declared the web type, and as you can see, 208 00:09:46,330 --> 00:09:49,291 it's now identified that this web type is valid. 209 00:09:49,291 --> 00:09:51,823 Now it's compressing the app at the very end 210 00:09:51,823 --> 00:09:53,623 so it can put it in the server, 211 00:09:53,623 --> 00:09:55,062 and then it's gonna run it. 212 00:09:55,062 --> 00:09:57,042 And there you go. 213 00:09:57,042 --> 00:10:01,042 Now that's running, so we can go and click View. 214 00:10:02,011 --> 00:10:04,561 And really, nothing should happen 215 00:10:04,561 --> 00:10:07,636 because this is a rest API, and it's not meant 216 00:10:07,636 --> 00:10:10,539 to be running from a browser. 217 00:10:10,539 --> 00:10:14,706 And as you can see, we get here an Application Error, okay? 218 00:10:17,224 --> 00:10:20,488 But that's the deployment valid, and now 219 00:10:20,488 --> 00:10:24,655 we are able to get our application deployed to Heroku. 220 00:10:26,848 --> 00:10:27,849 In the next video, we're going to look at 221 00:10:27,849 --> 00:10:30,918 running the app successfully and interacting 222 00:10:30,918 --> 00:10:32,811 with different postmen, but just know that 223 00:10:32,811 --> 00:10:36,003 your API is now live on the Internet 224 00:10:36,003 --> 00:10:39,227 and others can access it as well. 225 00:10:39,227 --> 00:10:40,512 So, congratulations. 226 00:10:40,512 --> 00:10:44,592 We now have our first deployed app out there 227 00:10:44,592 --> 00:10:45,852 on the Internet. 228 00:10:45,852 --> 00:10:47,650 So that's it for this video and I'll see you 229 00:10:47,650 --> 00:10:49,483 on the very next one.