1 00:00:00,360 --> 00:00:03,360 In order to start using Selenium WebDriver, 2 00:00:03,660 --> 00:00:07,290 we're going to have to go through a number of steps in order to set up our 3 00:00:07,290 --> 00:00:11,970 browser and also to install and set up Selenium. Now, 4 00:00:12,120 --> 00:00:16,830 the first step, if you haven't already, is to install the Chrome browser. 5 00:00:17,100 --> 00:00:19,860 Now, while you can work with selenium using other browsers 6 00:00:19,880 --> 00:00:22,460 like Firefox or Safari, 7 00:00:22,850 --> 00:00:25,850 we're going to be using a number of Chrome developer tools. And also 8 00:00:26,390 --> 00:00:29,900 in order for you to work alongside, to do exactly what I'm doing, 9 00:00:30,200 --> 00:00:33,260 it'll be much easier if you're working on the same browser and the same 10 00:00:33,260 --> 00:00:36,020 technology. If you haven't already got Chrome, 11 00:00:36,050 --> 00:00:40,100 then head over to the course resources where you'll find a link to download the 12 00:00:40,100 --> 00:00:44,390 latest version for your computer. And then once you've done that, 13 00:00:44,510 --> 00:00:47,810 the next step is to download the Chrome driver. 14 00:00:48,260 --> 00:00:53,180 And this is different from the actual browser. Again, in the course resources, 15 00:00:53,210 --> 00:00:58,210 you'll find a link to all the Chromedrivers and we have to download the 16 00:00:58,280 --> 00:01:00,350 version of Chromedriver that matches 17 00:01:00,980 --> 00:01:05,690 the version of Chrome that we have. In order to find out the version of Chrome, 18 00:01:05,720 --> 00:01:08,840 all you have to do head over to the top-right corner, 19 00:01:08,870 --> 00:01:11,420 click on these three dots, go to help, 20 00:01:11,690 --> 00:01:14,930 and then go to about Google Chrome. Here 21 00:01:14,930 --> 00:01:18,170 it's going to tell you which version you are currently running. 22 00:01:18,590 --> 00:01:21,650 And because you're going to be watching the video in the future, 23 00:01:21,920 --> 00:01:26,920 this version might not be the same for you as you see right here. Currently, 24 00:01:27,080 --> 00:01:29,630 I am completely up to date, so the latest 25 00:01:29,630 --> 00:01:33,950 version that I'm running is version 84. Now, 26 00:01:33,980 --> 00:01:38,980 all I have to do is go back here and find the version of 84 and download it. 27 00:01:39,800 --> 00:01:43,850 So I just have to click here and it will take me to a 28 00:01:43,910 --> 00:01:47,030 page where I've got three options. Now 29 00:01:47,030 --> 00:01:51,470 if I'm running a Linux computer, then I click on this one. If I'm running a Mac, 30 00:01:51,500 --> 00:01:55,160 I click on this one and Windows users will click on this one. 31 00:01:55,310 --> 00:01:59,150 So I'm running a Mac so I'm going to take that particular file. 32 00:01:59,870 --> 00:02:02,420 Now I'm going to have to unzip the file 33 00:02:02,720 --> 00:02:05,420 and I end up with the actual Chrome driver. 34 00:02:06,350 --> 00:02:11,350 Now the final step is to move this Chrome driver to a location of our choice. 35 00:02:12,800 --> 00:02:16,580 I don't recommend keeping the driver inside the downloads folder 36 00:02:16,610 --> 00:02:21,080 just because I'm sure you, as well as I, will and delete everything in the 37 00:02:21,080 --> 00:02:23,630 downloads folder without a lot of inspection. 38 00:02:24,080 --> 00:02:26,870 So we should move this Chrome driver to somewhere else, 39 00:02:26,990 --> 00:02:31,120 somewhere where it's not likely to get deleted accidentally. In my case, 40 00:02:31,250 --> 00:02:36,250 I'm going to go up a level with command up and here 41 00:02:36,380 --> 00:02:39,350 I've got a folder that I've created called Development. 42 00:02:39,860 --> 00:02:43,730 Now you can create a folder anywhere you like, um, 43 00:02:43,820 --> 00:02:48,820 and then call it anything you like and move this Chrome driver over to the new 44 00:02:49,940 --> 00:02:53,540 location. Now, the most important thing though is 45 00:02:53,810 --> 00:02:58,810 to actually get the file path for this particular file. To do that on a Mac 46 00:02:59,800 --> 00:03:03,730 all we have to do is right-click and go to get info. 47 00:03:04,210 --> 00:03:09,210 And then where it says where we're going to copy all of that hit command+C to 48 00:03:09,850 --> 00:03:14,530 copy. And then we're going to go into a new project that we've created 49 00:03:14,650 --> 00:03:18,130 which I've named day-48. In the main.py 50 00:03:18,190 --> 00:03:23,190 I'm going to paste this entire file path and I'm gonna save it as the Chrome 51 00:03:24,070 --> 00:03:26,200 driver path like this. 52 00:03:27,790 --> 00:03:32,790 Now the final step we have to add to this path is to add a forward slash to the 53 00:03:33,850 --> 00:03:35,590 actual Chrome driver. 54 00:03:36,430 --> 00:03:39,580 PyCharm should auto suggest the name of Chrome driver, 55 00:03:39,940 --> 00:03:44,320 but this is now the full path that will take us to that particular driver. 56 00:03:45,970 --> 00:03:49,840 Now, if you are on Windows, the process is pretty much the same. 57 00:03:50,050 --> 00:03:54,820 Once you've downloaded the driver for your system, so Windows 32, 58 00:03:55,420 --> 00:03:59,980 then you're going to go ahead and open it up and unzip it. 59 00:03:59,980 --> 00:04:04,980 So click on this extract button so that you can actually extract everything 60 00:04:05,830 --> 00:04:07,900 that's inside. Now, 61 00:04:07,900 --> 00:04:12,400 it's going to ask you for a destination for where you want to put the extracted 62 00:04:12,400 --> 00:04:12,820 file. 63 00:04:12,820 --> 00:04:17,230 So we're going to click on browse and you're gonna select a location on your 64 00:04:17,230 --> 00:04:20,440 computer. Now, if you don't have a preference, 65 00:04:20,440 --> 00:04:25,440 I recommend just going to your C drive and then here creating a new folder 66 00:04:30,880 --> 00:04:32,230 called Development. 67 00:04:32,740 --> 00:04:37,210 And then inside this folder is where you're going to extract the Chrome driver. 68 00:04:38,020 --> 00:04:42,100 So go ahead and click extract. And then once that's done, 69 00:04:42,130 --> 00:04:44,800 we'll go and navigate to that location. 70 00:04:45,100 --> 00:04:49,090 So it was in the C drive and it was inside the development folder. 71 00:04:49,420 --> 00:04:53,440 And you can check and just make sure that your Chrome driver is sitting inside 72 00:04:53,440 --> 00:04:53,830 here 73 00:04:53,830 --> 00:04:58,830 and it's an application that you've extracted from the zip file. Now to find out 74 00:04:59,050 --> 00:05:03,250 its file path, we're going to right-click and go to properties. 75 00:05:03,760 --> 00:05:07,330 And then in the properties you see the location right here. 76 00:05:07,960 --> 00:05:10,180 So here is the location 77 00:05:10,240 --> 00:05:15,160 and all we have to do is just to select everything that's here and then go ahead 78 00:05:15,160 --> 00:05:17,500 and use control+c to copy it 79 00:05:18,070 --> 00:05:22,060 and then we can paste it into our file in PyCharm. 80 00:05:22,720 --> 00:05:27,190 So we're going to paste it inside a string like this. And again, 81 00:05:27,220 --> 00:05:31,540 we're going to save it into the name that is chrome_ 82 00:05:31,990 --> 00:05:36,010 driver_path like this. 83 00:05:36,610 --> 00:05:39,370 And again, we're doing the same thing that we did with the Mac. 84 00:05:39,400 --> 00:05:44,400 We're going to add another backslash and then add the name of our Chrome driver 85 00:05:45,760 --> 00:05:46,593 like this. 86 00:05:47,230 --> 00:05:51,220 So now that we've installed Chrome and we've downloaded the Chrome driver, 87 00:05:51,760 --> 00:05:56,760 the next and last step is to install and set up Selenium. In my main.py 88 00:05:57,560 --> 00:06:02,560 I'm going to import Selenium. And make sure that you spelled it correctly 89 00:06:02,990 --> 00:06:04,460 so it looks like this. 90 00:06:04,820 --> 00:06:09,620 And then we're going to click on this red light bulb as always to install our 91 00:06:09,620 --> 00:06:12,020 package. Now, 92 00:06:12,020 --> 00:06:14,750 once Selenium has been installed successfully, 93 00:06:15,200 --> 00:06:17,270 I'm going to change the import statement. 94 00:06:17,600 --> 00:06:21,980 I'm going to say that from this newly installed selenium package, 95 00:06:22,280 --> 00:06:27,280 I'm going to import a module called WebDriver and it's this webdriver 96 00:06:28,310 --> 00:06:33,050 which is going to be driving the Chrome browser and doing all of our automated 97 00:06:33,050 --> 00:06:33,883 tasks. 98 00:06:34,250 --> 00:06:38,870 Let's create a new driver from that new module. 99 00:06:39,410 --> 00:06:44,410 So driver = webdriver. and then we can now instantiate any browser of our 100 00:06:45,980 --> 00:06:50,510 choice. So in our case, we're going to be creating a Chrome browser to drive, 101 00:06:50,930 --> 00:06:55,930 but you can see that you can also have Firefox or Safari and a large number of 102 00:06:56,270 --> 00:06:57,140 other browsers. 103 00:06:58,280 --> 00:07:02,930 We're going to choose Chrome and notice that this is Chrome with a capital C. 104 00:07:02,960 --> 00:07:05,150 So we're initializing a new object here. 105 00:07:05,900 --> 00:07:10,900 And the only required argument we have to give is the executable path. 106 00:07:11,450 --> 00:07:14,720 So this is the path of the executable 107 00:07:14,870 --> 00:07:17,630 that is the Chrome driver that we downloaded previously. 108 00:07:18,200 --> 00:07:22,910 This is going to be the path and notice that it's the location where that Chrome 109 00:07:22,910 --> 00:07:24,800 driver lives. And then at the very end, 110 00:07:24,830 --> 00:07:27,860 we've got the actual name of the executable 111 00:07:27,890 --> 00:07:32,750 which on a Mac is called chromedriver, on Windows it's chromedriver.exe. 112 00:07:33,590 --> 00:07:38,150 Let's go ahead and pass this in here. And now that we've created our driver, 113 00:07:38,180 --> 00:07:42,050 we're pretty much done with installing and setting up selenium WebDriver. 114 00:07:42,800 --> 00:07:45,770 But if you're wondering what this Chrome driver is, well, 115 00:07:45,800 --> 00:07:49,340 here's the way to think about it. We've got our Selenium package 116 00:07:49,580 --> 00:07:53,180 which contains code for us to be able to interact with browsers. 117 00:07:53,750 --> 00:07:57,890 Now it can interact with the Chrome browser which is what we're choosing to do, 118 00:07:58,250 --> 00:08:02,450 but it can also interact with a bunch of other ones like Safari or Firefox. 119 00:08:03,140 --> 00:08:03,500 Now, 120 00:08:03,500 --> 00:08:08,500 how do we make sure that this package which can handle all three knows 121 00:08:08,540 --> 00:08:12,800 specifically how to work with the Chrome browser? Well, 122 00:08:12,800 --> 00:08:17,800 we're going to need some sort of a bridge that bridges the selenium code to work 123 00:08:19,550 --> 00:08:21,380 with the Chrome browser. 124 00:08:21,860 --> 00:08:25,220 And this bridge is provided by the Chrome driver. 125 00:08:25,940 --> 00:08:28,280 So there'll be a different driver for a Safari, 126 00:08:28,310 --> 00:08:30,500 and there'll be a different driver for Firefox. 127 00:08:30,920 --> 00:08:33,320 And just by switching up those drivers, 128 00:08:33,620 --> 00:08:37,880 it will tell selenium how to work with the latest version of these browsers. 129 00:08:38,540 --> 00:08:40,580 All we have to do is now use it. 130 00:08:41,210 --> 00:08:45,560 So the first thing I'm going to use my driver to do is I'm just going to get it 131 00:08:45,620 --> 00:08:49,490 to open up a webpage. We'll use driver.get 132 00:08:49,640 --> 00:08:52,070 and then we can pass in the URL here. 133 00:08:52,730 --> 00:08:55,100 So it's going to be HTTPS 134 00:08:55,140 --> 00:08:59,430 and then I'm going to go to amazon.com. Now, 135 00:08:59,730 --> 00:09:02,370 if you're on Windows and you go ahead and run the code, 136 00:09:02,430 --> 00:09:06,240 then it should run without any issues. But if you're on a Mac, 137 00:09:06,270 --> 00:09:07,530 this is what happens. 138 00:09:09,720 --> 00:09:14,040 You'll get a popup that says chromedriver cannot be opened because the developer 139 00:09:14,040 --> 00:09:18,870 cannot be verified even though we know that this is actually created by Google, 140 00:09:18,900 --> 00:09:22,860 specifically for the Chrome browser. So if this happens, 141 00:09:22,890 --> 00:09:24,210 you're going to click cancel 142 00:09:24,540 --> 00:09:29,430 and you'll get all of these errors because it's unable to access that file. Now, 143 00:09:29,460 --> 00:09:34,170 in order to enable it, we're going to go to the Apple symbol, system preferences. 144 00:09:35,940 --> 00:09:39,390 And then we're going to go to security and privacy and here, 145 00:09:39,390 --> 00:09:41,370 because we try to run it before, 146 00:09:41,610 --> 00:09:45,060 we've got something that says chromedriver was blocked from use. 147 00:09:45,450 --> 00:09:48,120 So we're going to click on the allow anyways. 148 00:09:48,690 --> 00:09:52,890 And now if we run this again, then it'll give us this popup 149 00:09:53,070 --> 00:09:55,350 and all we have to do is click open. 150 00:09:56,190 --> 00:09:58,380 And once we've done all of that, 151 00:09:58,680 --> 00:10:03,680 now it's going to finally open up the site that we wanted to go to, amazon.com, 152 00:10:05,010 --> 00:10:08,370 using this automated version of Chrome. 153 00:10:08,760 --> 00:10:11,910 And you can see this because right at the top here, 154 00:10:11,970 --> 00:10:15,330 it says Chrome is being controlled by automated test software. 155 00:10:15,630 --> 00:10:17,040 That is our selenium. 156 00:10:17,700 --> 00:10:22,700 The driver.get method effectively opens up a new browser window with the URL 157 00:10:24,300 --> 00:10:25,410 that you've specified. 158 00:10:26,040 --> 00:10:31,040 Now you'll also want to close down the window or the entire browser once you're 159 00:10:32,640 --> 00:10:37,640 done with whatever it is you may want to automate or do. To do that 160 00:10:38,010 --> 00:10:42,960 all we have to do is tap into driver and then we can call the method close. 161 00:10:43,350 --> 00:10:45,420 Now, when I hit the run button, 162 00:10:45,480 --> 00:10:48,600 you can see now it's going to open up amazon.com 163 00:10:48,930 --> 00:10:52,800 and as soon as that page loaded, it pretty much just closed it down. 164 00:10:53,550 --> 00:10:58,290 Now there's also another method called driver.quit. 165 00:10:58,740 --> 00:11:00,840 Now what's the difference between close and quit, 166 00:11:00,870 --> 00:11:05,700 you might wonder? Well, close actually just closes a single tab, 167 00:11:05,760 --> 00:11:09,510 the active tab where you've opened up a particular page. 168 00:11:09,930 --> 00:11:13,020 Now quit is actually going to quit the entire browser. 169 00:11:13,530 --> 00:11:17,280 There are certain cases where you have more than one tab running at the same 170 00:11:17,280 --> 00:11:18,113 time. 171 00:11:18,120 --> 00:11:22,830 Close will close that particular tab while quit will actually quit the entire 172 00:11:22,830 --> 00:11:26,160 program. Once I'm done using my driver, 173 00:11:26,190 --> 00:11:31,190 I prefer actually just using quit to shut down the entire browser. 174 00:11:32,040 --> 00:11:36,240 That way we can always start again from scratch and we'll have a fresh browser 175 00:11:36,240 --> 00:11:39,870 to work with. And in the next and coming lessons, 176 00:11:39,990 --> 00:11:44,040 we're going to show you how to use selenium to do basically anything that we 177 00:11:44,040 --> 00:11:46,500 could do with a mouse and keyboard as humans, 178 00:11:46,770 --> 00:11:50,880 but instead, we're going to automate the entire process and workflow. 179 00:11:51,450 --> 00:11:54,540 So for all of that and more, I'll see you in the next lesson.