1 00:00:00,390 --> 00:00:00,690 All right. 2 00:00:00,690 --> 00:00:03,630 So how did you manage on that mini challenge? 3 00:00:03,630 --> 00:00:09,400 Well, if you haven't given it a go, then this is a good time to pause the video and just give it a try 4 00:00:09,480 --> 00:00:15,970 before I go through the solution with you. It’s really really important that you try and do this yourself, 5 00:00:16,020 --> 00:00:19,530 because I can't be here with you every single time you try to make a web site, 6 00:00:19,590 --> 00:00:23,690 so it's really really important that you pick up on these skills by yourself. 7 00:00:23,820 --> 00:00:29,660 And remember, I'm watching you, but not in a creepy way, just like, I haven't hacked your web cam or anything, 8 00:00:29,670 --> 00:00:33,890 I'm just, you know, saying like metaphorically, you know. 9 00:00:34,170 --> 00:00:35,670 Anyways, moving on. 10 00:00:35,940 --> 00:00:42,810 So, I presume that you've already given it a go and you've struggled, and maybe you failed, maybe you succeeded. 11 00:00:42,870 --> 00:00:45,600 So we're going to run through the solution now. 12 00:00:45,600 --> 00:00:48,870 So essentially what we're trying to achieve is this outcome. 13 00:00:48,870 --> 00:00:55,650 We've got three features which each have a Font Awesome icon above them, and they are responsive, 14 00:00:55,650 --> 00:01:02,340 so when we're in the iPad and the iPhone sizes, there's only one feature per row and they take up 100 15 00:01:02,340 --> 00:01:03,590 percent of the width. 16 00:01:03,630 --> 00:01:07,900 Plus there's also the fonts and the colors, 17 00:01:07,950 --> 00:01:11,840 and also when you roll over these icons they change color. 18 00:01:11,970 --> 00:01:15,280 So, we've learned how to do all of this before, 19 00:01:15,340 --> 00:01:19,940 and it's a matter of remembering it, giving it a go, and searching Google 20 00:01:19,950 --> 00:01:21,300 if we get stuck. 21 00:01:21,660 --> 00:01:23,780 So let's get started. 22 00:01:24,000 --> 00:01:27,740 So I'm going to keep the final piece over here just to compare, 23 00:01:27,960 --> 00:01:35,150 but the site as we have it up to now looks much less interesting and a bit more like this. 24 00:01:35,160 --> 00:01:41,490 So, the first thing I'm going to do is, I want to give each of these features their own div, because as 25 00:01:41,490 --> 00:01:48,660 you can see, at the moment, if we scroll down to the right section, I've got these three sets of features 26 00:01:48,750 --> 00:01:54,230 and they each have an h3 title, and a paragraph just explaining the feature. 27 00:01:54,330 --> 00:01:59,700 And, in order to get the responsiveness and to style each feature individually, I'm going to need to 28 00:01:59,700 --> 00:02:08,020 give them some form of identification, and that, in HTML and CSS, is going to end up being a div. 29 00:02:08,300 --> 00:02:14,880 So I'm going to create three new divs, and I'm going to give each div a custom class name. 30 00:02:14,880 --> 00:02:19,470 So I'm going to call them feature-box, which seems to make sense to me. 31 00:02:19,560 --> 00:02:23,220 It doesn’t really matter what you call them, as long as they are the same, 32 00:02:23,220 --> 00:02:26,470 because we're going to apply the same style to each feature-box. 33 00:02:26,520 --> 00:02:30,190 So let's create another div, feature-box. 34 00:02:30,480 --> 00:02:40,980 And I'm just going to copy this and paste it and we can now transplant these lines over to here. 35 00:02:41,010 --> 00:02:41,290 All right. 36 00:02:41,290 --> 00:02:41,640 Great. 37 00:02:41,700 --> 00:02:48,780 So now we have our feature boxes and each set of features belongs in its own div which we can style 38 00:02:48,780 --> 00:02:52,910 separately or apply the same style to each three. 39 00:02:52,920 --> 00:02:59,910 So now the next thing I'm going to do is I'm going to make each div take up a third of the width of 40 00:02:59,910 --> 00:03:05,640 the screen on a large desktop or a laptop sized screen, 41 00:03:05,730 --> 00:03:12,090 but when it's on an iPad or when it's on an iPhone, I want it to take up 100 percent of the width. So 42 00:03:12,120 --> 00:03:15,910 I can do that by applying some Bootstrap classes. 43 00:03:15,990 --> 00:03:22,860 So, we remember that we have to use the column class, and then we specify the size that we want it to be 44 00:03:22,860 --> 00:03:24,400 responsive to. 45 00:03:24,570 --> 00:03:27,340 So we're going to say column large, 46 00:03:27,360 --> 00:03:34,500 so that means laptop size and above, is going to take up a third of the row. 47 00:03:34,500 --> 00:03:37,690 And remember each row is split up into 12 units. 48 00:03:37,740 --> 00:03:41,340 So a third of 12 is 4 units. 49 00:03:41,340 --> 00:03:43,470 So col-lg-4. 50 00:03:43,740 --> 00:03:50,370 And let's just go ahead and paste this in the other three places. And if you load up your web site right 51 00:03:50,400 --> 00:03:57,840 now, you'll see that nothing has changed, and that is because the Bootstrap grid requires that you nest it 52 00:03:57,960 --> 00:04:02,220 inside a class that has the name row. 53 00:04:02,370 --> 00:04:10,110 So we can specify which ones should go into the same row essentially, so that your responsiveness can 54 00:04:10,110 --> 00:04:11,610 happen across different rows, 55 00:04:11,610 --> 00:04:18,540 for example. So something like col-lg-4 in three separate rows will be very different from 56 00:04:18,570 --> 00:04:20,050 all of them in the same row. 57 00:04:20,070 --> 00:04:24,130 So let's hit save and let's check it out and see if it worked. 58 00:04:24,240 --> 00:04:24,770 Ok cool. 59 00:04:24,780 --> 00:04:32,120 So they are now laid across the same row and they're taking up a third of the screen each. 60 00:04:32,160 --> 00:04:41,010 And if I go into iPad size, you can see they're now taking up 100 percent of the width, as does anything 61 00:04:41,010 --> 00:04:45,860 smaller than that, so mobile size still taking up 100 percent of the width. 62 00:04:46,230 --> 00:04:53,700 So we have succeeded. Kerching! I was planning on getting our sound designer to create these nice sounds 63 00:04:53,820 --> 00:04:55,860 for the video but he is sick, 64 00:04:55,980 --> 00:04:59,670 so you will just have to live with my terrible sound effects. 65 00:05:00,300 --> 00:05:05,800 So it's like Angela SFX from now on. 66 00:05:06,630 --> 00:05:13,290 I've recently been trying to challenge my friends on what is the most realistic lightsaber activation 67 00:05:13,290 --> 00:05:19,910 sound you can produce without any instruments other than yourself, your own body. 68 00:05:19,950 --> 00:05:26,530 And I have found that many people are very bad at sound effects, myself included. 69 00:05:26,550 --> 00:05:27,890 Anyways, let's move on. 70 00:05:27,960 --> 00:05:29,580 I think I've had too much coffee today. 71 00:05:29,580 --> 00:05:30,840 I really apologize. 72 00:05:30,840 --> 00:05:31,040 All right. 73 00:05:31,050 --> 00:05:32,800 Let's get back to work. 74 00:05:32,820 --> 00:05:37,710 The next thing I need to do is that you can see that at the moment our features are right up to the 75 00:05:37,710 --> 00:05:44,340 edge of both edges and they're taking up a bit too much space. In order to get it looking a bit more 76 00:05:44,340 --> 00:05:45,270 like this, 77 00:05:45,270 --> 00:05:47,520 we need to add some padding. 78 00:05:47,610 --> 00:05:52,530 So the first bit of padding I'm going to add is to this feature section. 79 00:05:52,530 --> 00:05:55,130 So that's this big box here. 80 00:05:55,170 --> 00:05:58,110 And you can see the three parts highlighted. 81 00:05:58,500 --> 00:06:03,010 So we can go into our CSS and we can select the Features section. 82 00:06:03,150 --> 00:06:13,890 So we are now down to title-image and let's add Features Section, and let's just comment that out so 83 00:06:13,890 --> 00:06:16,530 we can now target our features. 84 00:06:16,860 --> 00:06:18,750 And remember it's an id, 85 00:06:18,780 --> 00:06:23,100 so we have to use the hashtag or the pound sign. 86 00:06:23,280 --> 00:06:29,820 And I'm going to add a padding around all four sides and it's going to be 7 percent top and bottom and 87 00:06:29,820 --> 00:06:31,550 15 percent left and right. 88 00:06:31,710 --> 00:06:39,200 So basically almost double the amount of space on the left and right as there is on the top and bottom. 89 00:06:39,210 --> 00:06:44,530 So now let's hit refresh and you can see this is looking pretty nice, right? 90 00:06:44,760 --> 00:06:51,870 So each of our feature boxes are now centered in the middle of our feature div and you can see that 91 00:06:51,870 --> 00:06:57,780 with that little bit more white space it's much easier to read, a lot more organized, and it's getting 92 00:06:57,780 --> 00:07:01,310 close to what we want as our final outcome. 93 00:07:01,320 --> 00:07:06,680 So the amount of padding that you might have added might differ from mine but as long as you got a similar 94 00:07:06,690 --> 00:07:09,840 end outcome then that's absolutely fine. 95 00:07:09,840 --> 00:07:13,600 There's many many ways of skinning a cat. 96 00:07:13,770 --> 00:07:15,510 It's probably not very vegan friendly. 97 00:07:15,510 --> 00:07:17,130 There's many ways to peel a carrot. 98 00:07:17,160 --> 00:07:20,010 Maybe let me think on that. 99 00:07:20,170 --> 00:07:22,630 Boy this video is going to need a lot of editing. 100 00:07:22,920 --> 00:07:27,720 All right. So the next thing we're going to do is, you can see that over here our text is nicely centered 101 00:07:27,780 --> 00:07:31,550 inside each feature box, making them feel quite together, 102 00:07:31,560 --> 00:07:36,840 but here they look a bit weird, especially when you're using icons like this, 103 00:07:36,840 --> 00:07:42,430 you tend to want to have your text centered around the middle of the icon, 104 00:07:42,450 --> 00:07:46,350 otherwise, if it's all left aligned, it looks a little bit strange. 105 00:07:46,890 --> 00:07:49,770 So let's go ahead and do that. 106 00:07:49,770 --> 00:07:56,550 So, remember that previously we added this feature-box class which goes around each and every feature. 107 00:07:56,760 --> 00:08:05,070 So now we can target that feature-box class, and we can say something like all the text inside each feature 108 00:08:05,070 --> 00:08:08,850 box should be aligned to the center. 109 00:08:09,060 --> 00:08:09,960 So let's check it out. 110 00:08:10,020 --> 00:08:11,810 Yep looking pretty good. 111 00:08:11,880 --> 00:08:18,840 Now each line is still a little bit too long so we can add a bit of padding inside each feature box 112 00:08:18,990 --> 00:08:23,730 so that we push it closer together so that the width goes down a little bit and we put all the text 113 00:08:23,730 --> 00:08:29,330 onto two lines but it's very easy to glance and read rather than having these long lines. 114 00:08:29,370 --> 00:08:34,630 So I'm going to go ahead and add maybe around 5 percent of padding. 115 00:08:34,800 --> 00:08:40,230 And now our text is looking a lot shorter and a lot easier to read. 116 00:08:40,590 --> 00:08:47,700 Now the next thing we're going to do is we're going to change the fonts of these h3s that we've 117 00:08:47,700 --> 00:08:48,910 got over here. 118 00:08:49,080 --> 00:08:55,830 So you can see that each of the titles for the features are these h3s, which we can target quite easily 119 00:08:55,830 --> 00:09:05,470 up here, so we can say, let’s change the font-family to, 120 00:09:05,570 --> 00:09:08,540 I think we can change it to Montserrat-Bold, 121 00:09:08,700 --> 00:09:15,090 and this is to establish the visual hierarchy, so that when a user looks at this web site, the first thing 122 00:09:15,130 --> 00:09:19,730 the eye is drawn to is usually the blackest, the boldest, the biggest thing, 123 00:09:19,740 --> 00:09:24,570 and we want that to be the title first and then the subheading. As a web designer, 124 00:09:24,570 --> 00:09:29,920 very often it's kind of like you're a visual tour guide, and you're guiding people through your web site, 125 00:09:29,940 --> 00:09:36,810 so you want them to read, for example, the big title first, then maybe your brand, then maybe what all these 126 00:09:36,870 --> 00:09:43,340 buttons are about, and you can do that quite easily using the font weights and also the font size. 127 00:09:43,350 --> 00:09:48,150 So this is something that you can be aware of the next time you come across a well-designed web site, 128 00:09:48,420 --> 00:09:52,680 see how they're establishing visual hierarchy and guiding you through the web site. 129 00:09:52,780 --> 00:09:55,270 So I've already made the title very attractive 130 00:09:55,270 --> 00:10:04,200 to the eye. I’m going to tone down the subtitle, the feature text, by changing its color to a grey color, so 131 00:10:04,200 --> 00:10:07,210 that we make it even lower on the visual hierarchy scale. 132 00:10:07,350 --> 00:10:10,880 So the feature text is contained inside some paragraph elements. 133 00:10:11,010 --> 00:10:17,010 So I'm going to go ahead and select the paragraph elements and I'm going to change the color to this 134 00:10:17,130 --> 00:10:26,250 greyish color which is 8f8f8f. Let's hit save and refresh, and you can see now the visual hierarchy 135 00:10:26,250 --> 00:10:27,820 is now unmistakable. 136 00:10:27,870 --> 00:10:33,110 There is no way that somebody’s eye is going to be drawn to this line before it is drawn to this one. 137 00:10:33,120 --> 00:10:33,360 All right. 138 00:10:33,360 --> 00:10:35,520 So that's looking pretty good. 139 00:10:35,580 --> 00:10:39,260 Now the next thing is that we need to add some icons, 140 00:10:39,270 --> 00:10:40,120 right? 141 00:10:40,170 --> 00:10:43,890 And as I told you we're going to get that from Font Awesome. 142 00:10:43,890 --> 00:10:47,370 So let's head over and let's search for those images. 143 00:10:47,550 --> 00:10:58,840 So I've got the heart one and the target and also the checkmark which is in a circle. 144 00:10:59,070 --> 00:11:04,160 So we've got these three icons and we're just going to copy them in there. 145 00:11:04,170 --> 00:11:07,300 So it was check, target, heart. 146 00:11:07,320 --> 00:11:10,870 So let's just rearrange this a little bit. 147 00:11:10,980 --> 00:11:13,220 So the first one is the check circle. 148 00:11:13,220 --> 00:11:21,420 So I'm going to copy that and place it inside our HTML inside our feature-box div, so that everything 149 00:11:21,450 --> 00:11:25,850 inside each feature is all grouped together. So that one was circle, 150 00:11:25,860 --> 00:11:28,600 the next one was bullseye. 151 00:11:28,750 --> 00:11:30,260 So that's going to go here. 152 00:11:30,270 --> 00:11:34,500 And the last one was the heart, which is going to go here. 153 00:11:34,590 --> 00:11:35,340 All right. 154 00:11:35,340 --> 00:11:40,100 So now you'll see that we have our tiny icons here. 155 00:11:40,290 --> 00:11:43,290 But that's a little bit too small to see, 156 00:11:43,290 --> 00:11:45,350 and we need to make it a little bit larger. 157 00:11:45,360 --> 00:11:50,930 So, rather helpfully, the Font Awesome icons all come in different sizes. 158 00:11:51,240 --> 00:11:56,640 And in order to get a different size, for example, the 3x size, all you have to do is just add the class 159 00:11:56,740 --> 00:12:00,600 3x or 5x or 7x into your Font 160 00:12:00,600 --> 00:12:01,830 Awesome icon. 161 00:12:01,860 --> 00:12:07,080 So in our case I'm going to go for maybe the 4x. So we can go ahead and add, 162 00:12:07,140 --> 00:12:08,380 so this is our Font 163 00:12:08,400 --> 00:12:09,870 Awesome symbol, Font 164 00:12:09,990 --> 00:12:14,340 Awesome check circle and Font Awesome 4x. 165 00:12:14,340 --> 00:12:23,100 Now if you refresh you can see that is now a much larger size and it's a lot easier to see and actually 166 00:12:23,100 --> 00:12:27,240 looks like a feature icon rather than just something very small. 167 00:12:27,240 --> 00:12:32,600 So let's go ahead and add that to all three other classes. 168 00:12:35,280 --> 00:12:36,340 Hit save. 169 00:12:36,370 --> 00:12:40,980 And now we have our icons sized and looking pretty good. 170 00:12:40,990 --> 00:12:43,260 All right. So now we need to style these icons. 171 00:12:43,270 --> 00:12:44,860 We need to give them a color. 172 00:12:44,860 --> 00:12:51,280 So, in order to style the icon separately from the title and the feature text, then of course we need to 173 00:12:51,280 --> 00:12:53,610 give it a custom class. 174 00:12:53,620 --> 00:12:58,210 Now of course you can use any of the classes that has already been applied to it. 175 00:12:58,210 --> 00:13:06,100 But, for example, if you pick this class, fa-check-circle, then you'll have to add more styles to these other 176 00:13:06,100 --> 00:13:06,820 two. 177 00:13:06,820 --> 00:13:12,840 Now, if you pick something that's common between all three, say fas, that means if you use any Font 178 00:13:12,870 --> 00:13:17,540 Awesome symbol, then you're going to be applying the same style to that future icon as well. 179 00:13:17,650 --> 00:13:22,450 So it’s always always a good idea to apply custom classes when you're trying to style it 180 00:13:22,460 --> 00:13:29,300 inside the CSS, unless you're just trying to customize some feature of Font Awesome or Bootstrap. 181 00:13:29,320 --> 00:13:36,540 So in this case I'm just going to give it a class of icon and I'm going to paste it in all three places 182 00:13:36,760 --> 00:13:48,750 and that allows us to now go into our CSS and style our icon. So our icon is going to be colored in this 183 00:13:48,810 --> 00:13:51,090 orangey color, and when we hover over it, 184 00:13:51,090 --> 00:13:53,860 it’s going to be the same color as this background. 185 00:13:53,970 --> 00:13:57,680 So I've already provided those hex values to you. 186 00:13:57,870 --> 00:14:07,340 So the normal color is going to be ef8172. Let’s hit save. 187 00:14:07,380 --> 00:14:08,870 And check it out. 188 00:14:09,000 --> 00:14:10,250 Looking nice. 189 00:14:10,260 --> 00:14:10,990 Right? 190 00:14:11,100 --> 00:14:16,710 So it’d be nice if there was a little bit of space between this icon and this title, because at the moment 191 00:14:16,740 --> 00:14:21,480 they're a bit too squished together. It’s kind of sitting right on top of that feature and it doesn't 192 00:14:21,480 --> 00:14:24,200 look very good, a bit too mushed together. 193 00:14:24,330 --> 00:14:36,480 So let's add a margin-bottom to the icon of, maybe, say, just 1rem, and you can see with just that little 194 00:14:36,480 --> 00:14:39,500 bit of space it looks a lot nicer. 195 00:14:39,510 --> 00:14:43,600 Very often small touches can produce really dramatic effects. 196 00:14:43,650 --> 00:14:49,320 So the final final thing that we want to do for our challenge is make it change color when we hover 197 00:14:49,320 --> 00:14:55,680 over the icons. And the color is going to be this same red color in our color palette. 198 00:14:55,950 --> 00:14:59,200 So do your remember how to change hover states? 199 00:14:59,310 --> 00:15:03,080 Well we have to use a pseudo class called hover. 200 00:15:03,120 --> 00:15:10,890 So we select the icon, we use a colon and we select one of these pseudo states. And the one that we want 201 00:15:11,430 --> 00:15:17,580 is called, I’m never going to get to it, I’m just going to type it in, it’s called hover. 202 00:15:18,450 --> 00:15:25,260 And we've seen this previously when we looked at classes and pseudo classes and selectors in CSS, 203 00:15:25,290 --> 00:15:28,430 but we're going to put it into action in this case. 204 00:15:28,620 --> 00:15:38,040 And when our icon is inside the hover state, I'm going to change the color to ff4c68, which is 205 00:15:38,040 --> 00:15:41,180 that pinkish color that we've got at the top. 206 00:15:41,280 --> 00:15:48,550 So now, dun dun dun, it's changing color every time we hover over it. 207 00:15:48,690 --> 00:15:51,460 And that wasn't even very hard, was it? 208 00:15:51,460 --> 00:15:53,380 All right. Looking nice. 209 00:15:53,430 --> 00:15:56,820 So how did you get on with this challenge? 210 00:15:56,940 --> 00:16:00,990 If there was something that you couldn't implement or something you just found out about then don't 211 00:16:00,990 --> 00:16:02,440 worry, go back, change 212 00:16:02,460 --> 00:16:08,880 your CSS code, change your HTML code, in order to make it work. If you got it all right and it's all looking 213 00:16:08,880 --> 00:16:09,410 pretty good, 214 00:16:09,450 --> 00:16:14,170 other than maybe you got slightly different values for the margin or the padding, that doesn't matter, 215 00:16:14,190 --> 00:16:15,910 you're guessing by eye, right, 216 00:16:15,990 --> 00:16:21,810 so that's not a big deal. But it's all about knowing how to use those Bootstrap classes in order to make 217 00:16:21,810 --> 00:16:28,770 our features responsive and also things like, you know, the hover states that we learned before, and knowing 218 00:16:28,770 --> 00:16:32,870 how to change the font weight, what to select to change the font color, etc., 219 00:16:32,910 --> 00:16:34,310 all of that good stuff. 220 00:16:34,530 --> 00:16:34,820 All right. 221 00:16:34,830 --> 00:16:42,420 So, in the next lesson, we're going to be looking at another Bootstrap component, which is the carousel. 222 00:16:42,810 --> 00:16:48,900 And this is like a slide show that we're going to implement so that we end up with a really really cool 223 00:16:48,900 --> 00:16:55,780 testimonial section which allows us to go between all of the different testimonials. 224 00:16:55,890 --> 00:16:58,550 So you have all of that to look forward to and more. 225 00:16:58,770 --> 00:17:00,900 So I will see you on the next lesson.